Add ts interfaces

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Wilfried OLLIVIER 2020-06-08 20:08:27 +02:00
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- [Testing](./dev/rust/testing.md)
- [Ruby](./dev/ruby/main.md)
- [arrays](./dev/ruby/arrays.md)
- [TypeScript](./dev/ts/main.md)
- [interfaces](./dev/ts/interfaces.md)
- [Web](./dev/web/main.md)
- [front](./dev/web/front/main.md)
- [babel and babel-preset-stage-2](./dev/web/front/babel-preset-stage-2.md)

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# Interfaces in TypeScript
[Handbook](https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/interfaces.html)
## Overview
Interface in TypeScripts are used to create a _blueprint_ or an abstraction of a class.
An interface can contains properties (_mandatory_, _optional_ or _readonly_)
```typescript
interface Example {
mandatory: string;
optional?: string;
readonly ro: string;
}
```
And methods
```typescript
interface Example {
mandatory: string;
optional?: string;
concat(sep: string): string;
}
```
To use the interface, a class should **implement** it,
```typescript
class Impl implements Example {
mandatory: string;
optional?: string;
constructor(m: string, o: string) {
this.mandatory = m;
this.optional = o;
}
contact(sep: string): string {
return `${this.mandatory}${sep}${this.optional}`;
}
}
```
## The Promise case
What about a promise based method ? Do not forget what async/await does. It wraps all the things in `Promise<T>`.
In order to add promise to your interface, just specify a Promise as return type.
```typescript
interface Example {
mandatory: string;
optional?: string;
promize(arg: string): Promise<string>;
}
```

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